Infrastructure Which Sustains Civilised Life Engineering Essay

Structural Engineers make the base which supports humanized life, yet people in general every now and again sees building endeavors as affecting the indigenous habitat Presentation Structural Engineers make and build base that is vital all together for acculturated life to occur as we probably am same day essay writing aware it at present twenty-four hours. On the off chance that we accept a typical Londoner as a delineation, main part of his activities all through the twenty-four hours will hold trust on some signifier of common innovation base. This can be seen from a first thing that an individual does in the forenoon, which is the use of a latrine. Water running from a pat and capacity to redden the restroom are altogether conceivable gratitude to base that is made by Civil Engineers. Satisfactory sewage frameworks take into consideration dirtied H2O to be circulated off from such topographic focuses as families, and leting for H2O to be dealt with doing sure that other H2O beginnings, for example, waterways are non contaminated by the dirty H2O. Sewage frameworks have contributed an extraordinary exchange to empowering issues thwarting H2O borne infections, for example, cholera, enteric fever and numerous others. It is let bringing down to state in any case, in spite of information how to work out and spread with ruined H2O that around four children pass on consistently in creating states on account of sicknesses creating from inconsistent sanitation and uncertain H2O [ 1 ] . This activity is predominantly because of miss of fund to make foundation that can cover with sanitation issues. Urban areas, for example, London and individuals that live in them regularly underestimate these things. In created states, for example, United Kingdom, H2O flexibly is treated as a fundamental human right and backing is permitted any place the interest for it happens. As populace is perpetually expanding, ever turning interest for H2O gracefully close to increments as individuals become big-hearted with use of H2O for indoor restrooms, showers, washing machines, flushing their cars, garden hosieries and numerous different aims. Aside from foundation that manages gracefully and removal of H2O, there are numerous different representations where Civil Engineers have added to dragging out humanized life. This can be depicted by adverting the structure of streets, rail joins, Bridgess, trenches, passages, airdromes and docks, all which help transposing for individuals simpler, it is possible that it being from work environment or recreation to different states. In any case, it does non simply end here, decent variety of endeavors is enormous which support life as we probably am aware it, and for goal of this paper close by other foundation previously referenced, vitality is the one issue that exceptionally must be brought up. Accepting solitary power as an outline, aggregate of topographic focuses it can emerge out of, is other than extremely different. Coal power and nuclear Stationss are only a representation alongside numerous inexhaustible beginnings, for example, hydro ( for example embankment ) , air curre nt and sun based. Structural Engineers would most unequivocally be engaged with developing any of these establishments that can deliver power. It is difficult to accept of a current life as we probably am aware it today without power. Everything that we do, it is possible that it being at spot, work or outside our place ( for example substitution via train ) will influence use of power. In this manner, if all our twenties four hours exercises involve and depend on utilization of foundation that helps keep acculturated life as we probably am aware it at present, for what reason do individuals object when there is a proposition to build something that will help us travel about all our twenties four hours exercises. Could a run of the mill Londoner consider his existence without power and H2O to become flushed his restroom or H2O to guzzle and luxurious? In the event that developing a barrier can help go to these issues and pass on with it numerous different advantages for what reason would he or any other person as an undertaking of actuality item to it and appreciate it as a terrible idea? Answer to this request is non simple in light of the fact that there are numerous aspects that need to been taken into a history beginning curiously from political and manageability gives each piece great as prudent and cultural grounds. The remaining substance of this paper will b e to quantify negative issues with developing a major graduated table endeavor, for example, an embankment, what's more measure why society should see and let building of such an undertaking.Benefits of DamsFirst, permit us concentrate and measure a portion of the advantages that dams can pass on and hold brought to social orders. They can flexibly them with H2O to assimilate and use, shield from implosion treatment ( both stream and marine implosion treatment ) , make recreational nation, flood H2O important to turn supplement and in certain occasions upgrade the earth. Dams have been developed for a huge number of mature ages, and during various occasions, requests of social orders has changed thus has the embankment building. In the past fundamental develop would hold been to build some signifier of a hindrance over the waterway. As a result of lack of insight and stuffs, greater part of the past dam would hold been an a dike dam. Commonly they would hold been on minimal graduated table and developed of exhumed regular stuffs ( Earth dams ) . In United Kingdom little stores built from such embankments were by medieval cloisters to gracefully supplies of fish, all things considered carp [ 2 ] . Back so new supplement could hold been a main ground, thusly the nutritionary profit by captured fish. As clasp went on find of concrete and better dread of innovation rules took into account greater barrier. The greater part of embankments today are multipurpose for grounds referenced before. Curve embankments are concrete or workmanship barriers, which are bended upstream to pass on the significant part of the H2O weight to the projections. Their structure has the advantage that it can hold back large total of H2O. Hydropower dam utilizes the distinction in H2O degree between the supply pool lift and the tailwater lift to turn a turbine to deliver power [ 3 ] . These are only two of numerous other increasingly present day barrier configuration builds. Returning to benefits that dams bring, we have to take a gander at back curiously around clasp of mechanical insurgency in late eighteenth century, to perceive how much perish rate has fallen by introducing residential H2O flexibly. Arrangement of clean H2O gracefully and removal of sewerage cut down numerous perishes identified with dirtied H2O. In Britain in 1832 there were 30,000 expires from cholera and in 1849 60,000 [ 2 ] . This just comes to demo how terrible the activity was at that cut as a result of lack of sanitation, as congestion happened since individuals were coming into metropoliss for occupations. Bigger towns, for example, Manchester, Liverpool and London than began assembling upstream supplies to furnish ever expanding populace with clean H2O. The advantage of this can be seen by taking a gander at Enteric expires ( high febrility unwellness ) in Figure 1 [ 4 ] , in England and Wales.Figure 1It can be seen that presentation of clean H2O flexibly, perish rate fell f orcefully directly over the state and that by 1940 ‘s it was essentially at nothing. One of different advantages that dams give is the immersion insurance from waterway implosion treatment. This can be accomplished in two different ways. One of them is by direct security while second is by steering the immersion through a store accommodated different organizations, subsequently cut bringing down the extremum stream in the waterway downstream of it [ 2 ] . At present EA ( Environmental Agency ) in United Kingdom is exceptionally demonstrating out that it does non want new improvement to increment deluging downstream. By building a barrier and holding and void supply, takes into account stockpiling of H2O to be given at significant occasions when there is high precipitation, and the capacity store goes about as an immersion protection component. Building a dam without holding expanded deluging downstream can be conceivable in this manner convey throughing Environmental Agency ‘s request. Great outline where working of a barrier has carried immersion security to a huge populace is The Three Gorges Dam in China. The Yangtze River on which the barrier is built has asserted 300,000 existences of individuals that have suffocated because of immersions in the only remaining century. It has other than uprooted 1000000s of individuals. At the moment, barrier gives flood security to fifteen million individuals that live in the immersion field [ 2 ] . Land recovered from ocean can be utilized for either rural expectations or for land advancement. This can just be accomplished by keeping up ocean H2O out and simply way to this is by building embankments, called ocean resistance instruments. Water from supplies can be utilized for water system. This is when H2O from the supplies is provided to set down where harvests and workss are, empowering them to turn. This is particularly of import in states with more sizzling clime and which experience the ill effects of dry seasons, consequently trusting all through the full season on water system H2O. In 1877, low Nile immersion neglected to water sufficiently, doing deficiency and expire among the six and half million Egyptian populace [ 2 ] . Repositories made from dams can offer Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Making synthetic ( unbelievable islands ) which takes into consideration feathered creatures to rest liberated from raiders, for example, foxes, and lagunas can be found along the seaward to save shallow wetlands for natural life in any event, during drawdown. Forest estates along the shore can flourish on account of give of H2O offering emotional and extremely wonderful home grounds that can back up huge figure of untamed life that can happen it difficult to toward the end in more extensive open country. Business benefits emerge from recreational possibilities that can be made. Since stores take into account fish to blast, calculating on such lakes is an enormous power and start of touristry. Not only this yet since most stores are fairly huge, they offer a protected situation to cruising nines, other than sailing and in any event, swimming. Such exercises as flying creature perception, bicycle equitation, nature strolls, bivouacing and others can be conceivable a

ANTH 419 Anthropology of Religion Final Take-home Exam Questions (20%) Essay

ANTH 419 Anthropology of Religion Final Take-home Exam Questions (20%) - Essay Example The carelessness to sexuality and sex negates with the vivacity of sex concentrates in the ongoing decades. Sex comes out as a multifaceted social develop, a marvel that is mind boggling and is seen diversely by the general public (Reilly and Scriver, 2013). No doubt, different strict customs, convictions and practices shape the sex and sexuality of individuals in the general public. In many religions, if not every one of, specific practices are assigned by the male piece of the social orders (Reilly and Scriver, 2013). The females are likewise required to act in a one of a kind path according to the requests of those practices. Inside any composed religion, there exist convictions that try to address the genuine idea of sexuality and sex and furthermore the suitability of different sexual practices. Individuals kept to such religions have separating levels of agreement(s) with the conventions of such religions. Sex and sexuality are vital in religions (Reilly and Scriver, 2013). There are religions that do not have the official ground on the motivation behind sexuality or sex. These two are respected by most strict convictions to speak to allurement, a blessing, a passionate requirement and a methods for reproduction. In numerous religions, sexuality and sex are considered as otherworldly (Reilly and Scriver, 2013). Others basically treat the issues to be physical. Some accept that sexuality and sex are just otherworldly inside the restrictions of particular sorts of relationship when utilized for given reason. Different religions don't see the contrast between the otherworldliness and rawness of sexual orientation. Such religions show the presence of profound physical psyche and that sex and religion look to fill the hole. Utilizing the strict acts of the Jewish and Hijras of India, there is solid proof that religions depict the distinctions in sex and sexuality. Accordingly, the methodology is to show different similitudes and contrasts of the Jewish and

The HR Director - about JAL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

The HR Director - about JAL - Essay Example I would acknowledge whether the JAL and IASCO laborers could come up to me and offer with me what they feel about the whole working system set up and how they can contribute towards an evolving atmosphere. This would stop the sharpness which has emerged inside the JAL umbrella and which should be dealt with at the most punctual (Tomei 2003). The authoritative texture is getting injured and this can't go on without serious consequences by any means. So it is to the greatest advantage of the association to fend off those variables which are making some type of irritation and figure out how to manage him in an extremely severe and cruel manner. On a similar token, hard and fast endeavors would be made to guarantee that there are no issues left toward the end, with the goal that the JAL representatives and the IASCO laborers could take a murmur of help. The pressure accordingly existent could be defeated in the event that I am undaunted in my way to deal with settle all debates and in th e event that I am outfitted to meet these issues in a head on way, which I will vow to do with all my confidence and conviction. I accept the business is turning out badly in light of the fact that there is no set way of thinking of the work accordingly. The workers are questionable about their employments and some of them think about the other family as the mediocrity gathering, which is appalling to express the least. I would pay heed to this in a severe manner in light of the fact that by the day's end, every worker there is intended to go to work with the goal that they can put forth a valiant effort, and not to enjoy trivial issues and battles. My point is to address these issues in light of the fact that these mean a great deal for the association and which is basically harming the reason for JAL as a solitary unit. The business is likewise turning out badly on the grounds that nobody is focusing right now, and much consideration must be acquired inside the related condition. Toward the start of my term, I would clarify that control would wear the pants since it is the main thing that binds together the association as a solitary substance. On the off chance that the workers are taught enough to comprehend that their hierarchical premise relies upon their considerate practices and activities, the association will give back in kind to them as well.â

Knowledge Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Information Management - Essay Example Despite the fact that this model has an undeniable pragmatic methodology, it consolidates through and through standards, frameworks procedures, qualities and perspectives (Moraga 3). In this way, the Pedler’s model of authoritative learning can confound those administrators who will attempt to apply this model in their organizations (Moraga 3). Another basic issue of the Pedler’s model was his inability to propose a pragmatic system to put the progressions of the structures on bookkeeping, control, and data frameworks into training (Moraga 6). As indicated by Tiwana, information the board assumes a basic job in both operational and vital arranging, since information is a driver of authoritative system and technique is a driver of information the executives (refered to by Alstete and Halpern n.p.). Thus, even the very much created information the board frameworks won't be fruitful until there will exist a reasonable connection with the business system (Alstene and Halpern, n.p.). Likewise, there exists a tight connection among KM and authoritative execution, including representative execution, business execution, advertise execution and scholarly capital (Vidoviä‡ 6). In this manner, it very well may be inferred that KM methodology can be reflected at the different degrees of procedure, for example: improved correspondence and worker aptitudes, upgraded coordinated effort and better dynamic, and so on (representative execution); expanded benefits, discounted costs, expanded offer cost (authoritative execution); quicker r eaction to key business issues, improved business forms, formation of new business opportunity (business execution); expanded market size and offer, better client taking care of, upgraded item or administration quality (advertise execution); and upgraded protected innovation, expanded adjustment ability and expanded development (scholarly capital (Vidoviä‡ 6). As indicated by Stewart (1997), scholarly capital alludes to any savvy material, which can be put to use to make riches, including data, information, protected innovation and even understanding (Bontis, 42).

What Are the Steps in Writing a Research Paper?

What Are the Steps in Writing a Research Paper?The first step in writing a research paper is to decide on the topic of the paper. As a student, you should consider what problems and issues you are studying. Once you decide the subject matter of your research paper, it is now time to consider the language style you will use.The writer's style is the basic style for writing a research paper. The writer's style is used to determine the way a researcher writes and gives his or her research papers. The writer's style involves the use of words in writing research papers. It also dictates how a writer presents his or her ideas and thoughts in research papers.When writing a research paper, the writer must remember that he or she is not telling a story. The writer should always give importance to details. If you make it a point to give focus to each of the different parts of your research, then it would make writing a research paper easy. A research paper should be organized, and it should be interesting. In order to give an organized and well-structured research paper, the writer needs to use proper language.In order to write a research paper, it is important to be organized. To be organized, you need to keep in mind certain things while writing your research paper. One thing to note is the writing of a research paper should be as simple as possible. This would mean that the researcher should use fewer words and less complicated sentences. In order to give emphasis to each word, the writer should give emphasis to the word or words he or she is using.In order to get the best results from a research paper, the writer must always keep in mind the theme of the paper. The theme of the paper is very important because it refers to the things the paper should discuss. The topic of the paper can be one related to the subject matter of the paper or it can be something totally different.The theme of the research paper is something that will be discussed throughout the whole cours e of the paper. The theme of the paper will be set by the writer. The theme of the paper can vary from one person to another, but all writers should agree on the theme of the paper.As a writer, the writer must know that he or she should not take much time with a research paper. He or she should not spend too much time on the writing of a research paper. In order to get the best result, a research paper should be written in just three to four hours. The time of the research paper is usually divided into two different sections; the planning and the actual writing of the research paper.In order to know what are the steps in writing a research paper, the writer must remember that he or she is going to be given ample amount of time to write a research paper. Remember that a research paper should be simple and concise. It should be organized in terms of organization, time and syntax. The research paper should be short, concise and informative.

Heat Transfer Essay - 1650 Words

Heat Transfer (Essay Sample) Content: Heat TransferNameInstitutionDateINTRODUCTIONIn physics, heat is defined as a form of energy that flows from hotter systems to cold systems (Lienhard, 2008). On the other hand, heat transfer is a branch of thermal engineering that deals with generation, conversion, exchange and the use of thermal energy. Heat transfer deeply explains the exchange of thermal energy between systems. The exchange of energy between these physical systems depends on the temperature and pressure difference that exists between the systems (Lienhard, 2008).When the system is at a different temperature from another system or its surroundings, there is a net flow of heat so that the systems are at the same temperature (Sieder, 1995). However, when two bodies or systems are at the same temperature, there is no exchange of heat between them. according to Lienhard (2008),the systems are said to be in thermal equilibrium that is reached when all the bodies or systems involved are attain the same tem perature .There are various modes of heat transfer. The most common mechanisms of heat transfer are conduction, radiation, and convection.CONDUCTIONIn heat transfer, heat conduction means transfer of thermal energy between the adjacent molecules or particles in a substance because of a temperature difference between the molecules (Lienhard, 2008). On a microscopic scale, this mode of heat transfer takes place as hot vibrating molecules and atoms interact with the neighboring molecules and atoms. In the process of that interaction, the molecules exchange some heat.Heat conduction takes place in all forms of matter; liquids, gases, and solids. In solids, heat conduction is due tom the vibration and interaction of molecules in a lattice (Sieder, 1995). Conduction in liquids and gases heat conduction is caused by the diffusion and collisions of molecules during their random motion (Brownian motion) (Sieder, 1995).Steady state conduction is a form of heat conduction that takes place when the temperature difference causing the conduction is constant. In this case, the spatial distribution of temperatures does not change anymore.Another example of conduction is called transient conduction, also termed as non-steady state. Transient conduction occurs when temperature within an object changes as a function of time.FACTORS AFFECTING HEAT CONDUCTIONThere are various factors that determine the rate at which heat flows through conduction especially in solids. One of the factors that affect heat conduction is the temperature difference. The greater the temperature gradient between the two ends of the conductor, the faster the rate of conduction. Therefore, the rate of heat conduction in solids is directly proportional to the temperature gradient/difference (Yunus, 2011).Another major factor that affects conduction in metals is the cross-sectional area of the conductor. The rate conduction is directly proportional to the cross-sectional area of the solid. A wide metal bar co nducts heat better than a thin one, both of the same material.The nature of the material on which conduction takes place also influences the rate of conduction. Different materials have different conductivities. The best ordinary metallic conductors are gold, copper, silver, and aluminum (Yunus, 2011). These metals have higher conductivities as compared to others.Finally, the other factor that affects the rate of heat conduction through conduction is the length of the material that translates to the distance heat must travel. It has established experimentally that the conducted heat is inversely proportional to the length of the material (Lienhard, 2008). Therefore, long materials conduct heat at a slower rate than shorter ones (Yunus, 2011). The reason is that less heat that will makes it through long materials.CONVECTIONAlso known as convective heat, transfer, convection is the transfer of heat from one point to another through fluids (Lienhard, 2008). In Physics, the term fluid i s understood to mean a substance that distorts under shear stress. Fluids include the gases and liquids. Lienhard (2008) affirms that the convection is a mode of heat transfer that is dominant in liquids and gases only.A practical example of heat transfer through convection is water boiling in a pot on a hot plate. The pot heats up at the bottom via conduction. The water that is in direct contact with the hot bottom of the pot heats up. It is at this point that the convection starts: the hotter water at the bottom rises as cooler water on the surface of the pot sinks. Yunus (2011) claims tha the reason is that the hot water is more buoyant that the cold one. This process continues on thus creating vertical circulation convection current.There are two types of convective heat transfer which are forced and natural convection. Natural convection takes place when the motion of the fluid is caused by buoyant forces resulting from the difference in density (Yunus, 2011). The cause of the variation in density of the fluid is the variation of temperature of the fluid. For example in the absence of external influence, when the fluid is in contact with a hot surface, molecules scatter, making the fluid less dense. Consequently, the fluid is displaced upwards to the cooler parts and the cooler fluid sinks to the surface to replace it (Yunus, 2011). As a result, convection currents are formed. It clearly explains the scenario that is observed when water heats in a pot from below.Forced convection takes place in fluids when a fluid flow is stimulated by external forces as by stirring and use of pumps. Application of these forces creates convectional currents that are artificially induced.APPLICATIONS OF HEAT CONVECTIONConvection currents have several important applications in everyday life. One of the most crucial applications of convection currents is the circulation of air in the room. The air that the occupant of a room breath out is warmer compared to the air in the ro om. The warmer air moves up in the room and gets out through the ventilators as the colder fresh air comes into the room through the door and windows.Sea and land breeze are convection currents. During the daytime, the land absorbs heat faster than the water in the sea. As a result, the air above the land becomes warmer than the air above the sea, and consequently, convectional currents form. The phenomenon is called a sea breeze. During the night, the sea water is warmer than the land. The air above the sea, therefore, is wa...

The Effects Of Globalization On Contemporary And...

Globalization is the interaction among people, companies and governments of different nations. It is a process that is driven by international trade and investment but, is also supported by information technology (What is Globalization?). Large corporations have taken advantage of foreign markets by building factories in less developed countries and through using established marketing arrangements with foreign partners. A defining feature of globalization, therefore, is an international, industrial and financial business structure (What is Globalization?). In this essay, I am going to consider the effects of globalization on contemporary, developing and indigenous cultures. This will include looking at both the negative effects as well as the benefits of globalization on the world as a whole. Globalization is profoundly controversial. Some people argue that this international change allows poor countries and their citizens to develop economically and raise their standards of living. Others claim that the creation of an international free market has only benefited multinational corporations in the Western world at the expense of local enterprise and cultures and by the exploitation of less developed countries (What is Globalization?). Firstly, Globalization has had a large effect on contemporary culture. For example, technological development is as a big part of globalization and has transformed many cultures from subsidence farming to commercial farming, raising cash fromShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Capital, inequality and injustice in Latin America, by Richard L. Harris817 Words   |  4 Pagesconcern to the extent of unlawful treatment such as conquering of land from indigenous people in most if not all third world countries. We have learned that most problems in the world are blamed on one word, globalization, but it takes several words to fix the ongoing problem of globalization and its affects. 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Whats Wrong With Grass-Fed Beef

Although the production of feedlot beef is widely recognized as environmentally irresponsible, few people question the environmental impact of grass-fed beef. What many fail to recognize is that feedlots and other factory farming practices began because there was no other efficient way to produce large quantities of meat, eggs, and milk. Grass-fed beef may seem better because we are not wasting farmland to grow corn for the cattle to eat, but raising grass-fed cattle is not environmentally sustainable. Land Use Proponents of grass-fed beef argue that raising cows in pastures is more sustainable than raising cows in feedlots, but a cow in a pasture requires more land on which to live and does not grow as quickly as a grain-fed cow in a feedlot. The only way we can have cows grazing on vast pastures is if the majority of Americans do not eat grass-fed beef. If the practice cannot be scaled up and applied to hundreds of millions of people, it is not a sustainable solution to feedlot beef. The U.S. alone has 94.5 million cattle. One farmer estimates that it takes 2.5 to 35 acres of pasture, depending on the quality of the pasture, to raise a grass-fed cow. Using the more conservative figure of 2.5 acres of pasture, this means we need approximately 250 million acres to create grazing pastures for every cow in the U.S. Thats over 390,000 square miles, which is more than 10% of all the land in the U.S. While we might romantically imagine cattle being set out to graze previously unused grasslands, the fact is that the Amazon rainforest is being deforested to create grazing pastures for free-range, grass-fed organic beef. Allowing animals to scatter over a wide area also increases the number of resources required to manage the herd. Rounding up the animals, transporting the animals and protecting the animals from predators require more resources than managing cows in a feedlot. Also, allowing the cattle into more wild areas means that more predators - coyotes, bears, wolves and cougars - will be killed in an effort to protect ranching interests. â€Å"Marginal† Land Some proponents of grass-fed beef argue that cattle could be raised on â€Å"marginal† lands – lands that cannot be used for growing crops but can be used for growing grasses – so that the cows are not taking land away from human food production. Again, this is an infeasible solution. If the land is marginal, it will not be the high-quality pasture that can support a cow on a mere 2.5 acres. We are likely looking at the high end of the acreage estimate and would require 35 acres per cow, requiring approximately 3.5 billion acres of marginal land in which to raise 94.5 million grass-fed cows. This is 5.5 million square miles, more than the entire area of the United States. 50% more Greenhouse Gases Nathan Pelletier of Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia estimates that pasture-raised beef results in 50% more greenhouse gasses than feedlot beef. Because the cows fatten up more slowly on grass, they eat more grass, emit more methane and nitrous-oxide than they would if they were eating grain in a feedlot. Also, most of those vast pastures are enhanced with fertilizers. Public Lands and Displacement of Wildlife Even where plentiful grasslands already exist, the cows will displace other animals and cause wildlife deaths. Predators are killed to protect grazing livestock. Wild horses are rounded up and sometimes killed because they compete with livestock for grass on public lands. The fences put up by cattle ranchers on public lands restrict the movement of wildlife, making it difficult for them to find food and water. Where cattle congregate at riverbanks, their waste pollutes the water and threatens the fish. While ranchers pay for the right to graze their cattle on public lands, the amounts paid do not cover all of the costs. All American taxpayers subsidize cattle being raised on public lands, as well as factory farmed animal products. We don’t need more cows grazing on public lands; we need fewer cows. Grass-Fed is Still Crop-Fed Grass-fed cattle must eat crops when grass is unavailable in the winter or during droughts. The crops will consist of hay and grasses, but will still take land away from the production of crops that could be fed to people directly. What is the Solution to Feedlot Beef? Feeding plants to animals to produce meat is not only a violation of the animals’ rights to be free, but also very inefficient and environmentally harmful. Whether the cows eat corn in a feedlot or grass in a pasture, the production of beef is environmentally destructive. The solution is to not eat beef, or any animal products, and to go vegan.

Goodfellas - Content Analysis - 1121 Words

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nyG2VKnUK4w Goodfellas – Club Scene content analysis Camera and Editing The scene starts with a close up of two character’s hands exchanging a set of car keys. Then the camera zooms out into a very brief establishing mid shot, showing three characters: two men and a woman. The main character, Henry Hill joins the woman, and the camera starts to track them from behind. They go down into the club’s basement, skipping the queue and walk through, what appears to be, a complicated kind of maze through the club’s kitchen and hallways. Already we can get a sense that the main character has something dark, mysterious and very underground about him. This is because he somehow has the power over these people†¦show more content†¦This is maybe to create the effect of a much calmer atmosphere. Though the club is still full of people and noise, in my opinion it is no way near as dramatic as the kitchen. At this point, Henry and is date are welcomed by another very powerful man. This man orders a table ‘down in front’ for the couple and then the camera pans left to show a waiter carrying this table. Though the camera is now not focusing on Henry and this other man, we still hear their voices loud and clear as if they were up close to the camera. This maybe makes the audience keep their attention on Henry because as we can still hear his voice, we know that he will be back on the camera once again soon. When the table is placed down at the front pretty close to the stage, Henry and his girl take their seats. Once they are settled, the girl asks ‘What exactly do you do?’ and he replies, ‘I’m in construction.’ We know quite well that Henry is not in construction, as people would not care to treat an ordinary builder like some royalty in a club. This tops off how effective this scene is. The audience has not been told directly what Henry does for a living, but what they do know, it must be something quite secretive, dark, dangerous and underground. Mise-En-Scene There were lots of characters and objects in this one shot scene and I think it made it easier for the director in some cases. This is because if there were any cuts, then the mise-en scene wouldShow MoreRelatedUnit 261278 Words   |  6 Pages|Using the analytical approaches of genre analysis, content analysis and auteur theory, create a |Ï  |P1 | | |detailed discussion of the gangster genre. | | | | | | | | | |You will look at the film Goodfellas, and extracts from The Godfather, ScarfaceRead MoreEssay on Music in Scorsese films2910 Words   |  12 PagesI believe that believe he practices what he preaches through this statement in his work. I will be analysing aspects in his work whereby the music works on a deeper level than just as a mood prompting tool, in films such as (The Departed,2006), (Goodfellas,1990),( Taxi Driver,1976) and( Raging Bull,1980) trying to understand the directorial thought process in the choice of the music as well as the desired effect on the audience. Scorsese carries the idea that â€Å"popular music has the potential to giveRead MoreThe Sopranos1696 Words   |  7 PagesPage 1 Now revised and expanded, including a very revealing radio interview with David Chase in April of 2008! *Dozens of new visuals on all 4 pages and new content (â€Å"Death and David Chase†) added to Part II. **Check out an incredible Sopranos tribute video at the end of page 4. *Note from author (December 6, 2010): Its been over three years since the finale of the Sopranos, yet the ending continues to be discussed and debated to this day. My piece has become more popular than I ever could haveRead MoreMedia Representation Of Art Crime3638 Words   |  15 Pagesin film and television and to illustrate that the artificial image of the ‘Hollywood art thief’ detracts from the understanding of and attitude towards the serious threat that art theft and illegal trafficking pose to the global community. This analysis has been done using research on art cases, crime theory and through the exploration of film and television having to do with crimes involving art. Hollywood scripts and television programming are filled with storylines of crime and criminal justice

Linguistic Imperialism - 5792 Words

The Linguistic imperialism of Robert Phillipson 1. Linguistic Imperialism 1.1 The spread of English The stated aim of Phillipson’s 1992 book Linguistic Imperialism was to set out how English became so dominant and why, and to examine the role ELT pedagogy had in contributing to it becoming â€Å"the international language par excellence in which the fate of most of the worlds millions is decided.† (Phillipson 1992 p.6) While many writers had tackled the question before no one had done so from the type of critical, socio-linguistic standpoint taken by Phillipson. Whereas for David Crystal, and other commentators, the rise of English is a largely neutral phenomenon, achieved â€Å"by repeatedly finding itself at the right place at the right†¦show more content†¦A practical example of linguicism given by Phillipson would be the allocation of resources or materials to one rather than another language or when a priority is given to one language for teacher training, curriculum development or school timetabling. According to Phillipson linguicism â€Å"refers exc lusively to ideologies and structures where language is the means for effecting or maintaining an unequal allocation of power and resources.† (ibid, p.55) Linguistic imperialism is a sub-form of linguicism, becoming manifest when â€Å"the dominance of English is asserted and maintained by the establishment and continuous reconstitution of structural and cultural inequalities between English and other languages.† (ibid p.47) Accordingly Phillipson sees the English language in and of itself as neutral but its exploitation by colonial and neo-colonial powers to exert and perpetuate their hegemony ultimately makes it culpable by association. Phillipson follows Galtung’sShow MoreRelatedEnglish And English Linguistic Imperialism977 Words   |  4 Pagesthere has been much discussion on the issue of whether English users are the victims of linguistic imperialism. Historically, English was regarded as a lingua franca and it has the same function nowadays (Kachru, 1985, cited in Jenkins, 2014). In addition, linguistic imperialism is related to English in this essay. Although English users could profit from the spread of English and ‘English linguistic imperialism’ indeed brings some advantages, some others still hold the view that English users areRead MoreLinguistic imperialism in Brazil Essays1349 Words   |  6 PagesLinguistic imperialism is a concept used by scholar Robert Phillipson, he mostly spoke about the imperialism of the English language, although this concept can be applied to all the world’s major international languages with imperialistic origins, when the original population had to adopt the invader’s language because of the benefits that accrue to the speakers of the languages when the dominant language has been imposed (Phillipson 31). Linguistic imperialism in Latin America started with the ‘discovery’Read MoreRisk And A Form Of Linguistic Imperialism1509 Words   |  7 Pagesdefined as a threat and it usually brings negative impacts to a person or an organisation. Hansson (2005) claims that many attempts have been made to define risk in a singl e meaning and eliminate other definitions which are futile and a form of ‘linguistic imperialism’. Since there is no exact meaning of risk, people describe risk based on their own perceptions and purposes. Perminova et al. (2008) and the Association of Project Management (APM) define risk as an uncertain event and exclusively negativeRead MorePartition and Scramble of Africa1582 Words   |  7 PagesGermany, Britain, France and Portugal. Africa was divided into 50 colonies without any regard for cultural and linguistic societies that were already established there which has led to conflicts between the independent African states after World War II. There were no representatives for the African states at the conference. THEORIES OF IMPERIALISM Conservative theory states that imperialism is necessary to maintain existing social order in more developed countries. In addition to secure trade marketsRead MoreThe Scramble for Africa Essay583 Words   |  3 Pagesover much land. The land they did have control over was costal; they were afraid to venture any further because of the high risk of malaria. Another factor was African tribes having a strong militaries. Africa was broken up into many ethnic and linguistic groups, each with their own religion. Some followed traditional beliefs while others converted to Islam and Christianity. Europeans and Africans traded some commodities such as gold, ivory, and spices. Africans kept Europeans under control and fromRead MoreEssay on Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literatures4270 Words   |  18 Pageshistorical time and the perpetual search for the determinants of a single, unified, and agreed meaning. The historical moment which saw the emergence of ?English? as an academic discipline also produced the nineteenth-century colonial form of imperialism (Batsleer et al. 1985: 14, 19-25). Gauri Viswanathan has presented strong arguments for relating the ?institutionalisation and subsequent valorisation of English literary study [to] a shape and an ideological content developed in the colonial contextRead More Colonialism and Imperialism - A Post-colonial Study of Heart of Darkness3270 Words   |  14 Pagesdarkness was here yesterday . . . savages, precious little to eat fit for a civilized man, nothing but Thames water to drink (9-10).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For Marlow, what is common between the Roman invasion and the British imperialism is a kind of mission without which the British imperialism would have been â€Å"just robbery with violence† (10).  Ã‚   Namely, Marlow focuses on an idea--an ideal slogan--which is employed to impose higher civilization on uncivilized world: What redeems it is the idea only .Read MoreThe Devastating Power of Western Colonialism Essay1762 Words   |  8 Pagesand status of the colonized is forever altered by the often cruel and violent actions taken by the colonizers during their initial struggle for influence, along with the long-term impacts that slavery, subjugation, cultural appropriation and linguistic imperialism have over a colonized region. Hegemonic rule and full-scale imperial endeavors defined English and France foreign affairs during the 19th and early 20th centuries. As the two largest imperialist superpowers of the time, France and BritainRead More Acco rding to Seamus Deane, Translations is a play about the tragedy1901 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to Seamus Deane, Translations is a play about the tragedy of English Imperialism. How far would you agree with this statement in relation to both Translations and Heart of Darkness? INTRO Although the location, language and structure of Brian Friels Translations differs unmistakably from that of Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, the topic of colonisation remains central to both. While the supposed sophistication of civilised colonists is deconstructed in Conrads novellaRead MoreA Passage Of India And The Relations Of Power10531 Words   |  43 Pageswill relinquish all his privileges (Abu Baker, 2006: 81). #According to Ngugi wa Thiong o in Decolonising the mind: the politics of language in African literature, he affirms that: The biggest weapon wielded and actually daily unleashed by imperialism against the collective defiance is the cultural bomb [†¦][which] annihilate people’s belief in their names, in their language, in their environment, in their heritage of struggle, in their unity, in their capacities and ultimately in themselves.

Marketing Channels - 3091 Words

Marketing channels Term paper Prepared by: Essam Eldin Khater †¢ Marketing Channels literature review To reach a target market, the marketer uses marketing channels. The marketer uses distribution channels to display, sell, or deliver the physical product or service(s) to the buyer or user. They include distributors, wholesalers, retailers, and agents. The marketer also uses service channels to carry out transactions with potential buyers. Service channels include warehouses, transportation companies, banks, and insurance companies that facilitate transactions. Marketers clearly face a design challenge in choosing the best mix of communication, distribution, and service channels for their offerings. Successful value†¦show more content†¦The marketing department, responding to customer demand, communicates with several distributors and retailers as it attempts to determine ways to satisfy this demand. Information shared between supply chain partners can only be fully leveraged through process integration. Supply chain business process integration involves collaborative work between buyers and suppliers, joint product development, common systems and shared information. According to Lambert and Cooper (2000), operating an integrated supply chain requires a continuous information flow. However, in many companies, management has reached the conclusion that optimizing the product flows cannot be accomplished without implementing a process approach to the business. To streamline the supply chain and cut costs, many manufacturers and retailers have adopted efficient consumer response (ECR) practices to organize their relationships in three areas: (1) Demand side management or collaborative practices to stimulate consumer demand by promoting joint marketing and sales activities. (2) Supply side management or collaborative practices to optimize supply (with a focus on joint logistics and supply chain activities). (3) Enablers and integrators, or collaborative information technology and process improvement tools to support joint activities that reduce operational problems, allow greater standardization, and so on. Research has shown that although ECR has a positive impact onShow MoreRelatedMarketing Channels1096 Words   |  5 PagesCharlotte Langston Marketing Channels The marketing channel(s) that will be used to distribute that product and the reason why these channels were selected Our marketing channels which will be used to distribute the household cleaning products are direct and indirect to consumers and direct and indirect to businesses. Direct selling is a dynamic, vibrant, rapidly expanding channel of distribution for the marketing of cleaning products. Direct marketing presents the product and service directlyRead MoreMarketing Channels1247 Words   |  5 PagesDISTRIBUTION CHANNELS Distribution Channels and Their Impact on Marketing Strategies Name: Institution: DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS Abstract This paper discusses the importance of choosing appropriate channel members and also identifies and discusses criteria that should be used by the car compact disc player manufacturer when evaluating potential intermediaries for the firm’s distribution channel. This is important for this firm since it’s only through these marketing channels that their productRead MoreMarketing Channel44625 Words   |  179 PagesChapter 12 Marketing Channels: Delivering Customer Value 1) Which of the following is NOT a typical supply chain member? A) resellers B) customers C) intermediaries D) government agencies E) raw materials supplier Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 337 Skill: Concept Objective: 12-1 2) ________ the manufacturer or service provider is the set of firms that supply the raw materials, components, parts, information, finances, and expertise needed to create a product or service. A) DownstreamRead MoreTypes of Channels in Marketing1288 Words   |  6 PagesChannel levels Most businesses use third parties or  intermediaries  to bring their products to market. They try to forge a distribution channel which can be defined as all the organisations through which a product must pass between its point of production and consumption Why does a business give the job of selling its products to intermediaries? After all, using intermediaries means giving up some control over how products are sold and who they are sold to. The answer lies in efficiency ofRead MoreThe Fashion Channel - Marketing962 Words   |  4 Pages# 2: The Fashion Channel Overview This document presents information about the conclusions that can be drawn from the consumer and market data based on ‘The Fashion Channel’ case study information (Stahl, 2007). In addition we will also look into the various pros and cons of the segmentation options for the Fashion Channel to increase their revenue stream. Analyzing the Data The Fashion Channel (TFC) was a successfulRead MoreMarketing Distribution Channel2287 Words   |  10 Pageschoosing distribution channels. Keegan and Schlegelmich (2001) explained that distribution channel can be considered as the method which is used for enterprises putting products into the market for consumers to use. The traditional distribution channel goes from supplier, manufacturer, distributor, wholesaler and retailer (Frazier, 1999). Indirect and direct are two different types of distribution channels (Wilkinson, 2001). According to Silva (2008), â€Å"Well-chosen channels constitute a significantRead MoreNike ( Marketing Channel)2584 Words   |  11 PagesUniversity of Essex Business School BE-532 Marketing Channels Nike- Channel Strategy and Conflicts. Individual Report Submited to:Dr. Antonello Romano Name:Virena Georgieva Student ID:0948588 Introduction The main market quality athletic footwear, clothing, sportswear and equipment supplier in U.S. is NIKE. The company’s name, whichRead MoreMarketing Channels : An Effective Marketing Strategy1592 Words   |  7 Pagesto the company’s customer base (Pride, 2014). Marketing channels serve many facets and angles through its successive formation and provide the company with the ability to make products available to customers when and where they are needed, and in the exact amounts that they are needed (Pride, 2014). Marketing channels are also most useful tools for management because it is useful in a company’s development and establishment of an effective marketing strategy. 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Direct selling is a dynamic, vibrant, rapidly expanding channel of distribution for the marketing of cleaning products. Direct marketing presents the product and service directly to consumers

Child Eyewitness Testimony Essay Example For Students

Child Eyewitness Testimony Essay In the last forty years, there has been a shift in courtroom proceedings. Lawyers are not only focusing their evidence on the scientific aspects of an event, but also on those who may have witnessed the actual event as well. Recently, the number of eyewitness appearances in the courtroom has increased, making statements about either a crime or an event that occurred in their presence. But how does the courtroom decide who is a legitimate witness to an event? Too often, age, race, education, and socio-economics play a major role in this decision. Here, we will discuss the age aspect of this problem in terms of child eyewitness testimony and its implications in the courtroom. We will write a custom essay on Child Eyewitness Testimony specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now More than 200,000 children may be involved in the legal system in any given year, and 13,000 of these children are preschool age. Often with these cases involving young children, issues arise concerning credibility, vulnerability, and memory retrieval. Studies have shown that preschool age children are quite capable of providing accurate testimony, but they are also more vulnerable to distorting this memory and testimony. Public and professional opinion about the credibility of children as witnesses in court cases has been sharply divided. On one side, it is contended that when children disclose details of a circumstance, they must be believed, no matter what techniques were used to obtain this disclosure. For example, if a child is asked whether or not he/she was abused, and to describe this incident, we must believe that child because children cannot possibly generate a false report of their own sexual victimization. The other side depicts children as being helpless sponges who soa k up the interviewers suggestions and regurgitate these propositions in court. These two extreme positions have led to a controversy over victims rights, legal issues, and psychological intentions. A child is capable of being influenced by numerous factors that adults may not be. Factors such as: emotional dilemmas, physical circumstances, authoritative input, underdeveloped encoding strategies that have not matured yet, childlike familiarity with situations (what situation may be normal for a child, may not be normal for a teenager), and the reporting strategies that children use are no doubtedly different that adults. Thus, suggestion plays a key role when determining what a child is saying, especially during interviewing techniques. This power of suggestion has been used as an anti-child eyewitness testimony force, which has prompted many officials and psychologists to further study this predicament. This suggestibility issue has thrown a wrench in the credibility aspects of children on the stand, leading to the depiction of children as liars and misleading witnesses. The bottom line that needs to be addressed with this controversy is that ANYONE, not just children, can be s uggested and misled. The importance of retrieval and memory coding strategies can affect all people on the witness stand, leading to the misinterpretaion of a statement that has been made by a witness. Studies have concluded through suggestive interviewing techniques and repeated questioning, people can be led to make untrue statements about central and peripheral details of an event. This often happens with children due to the fact that from a childs point of view, if he/she keeps getting asked certain questions over and over again, they seem to think that they are answering in a wrong way. Interviewer bias (this can be parent, therapist, or investigator) can also effect eyewitness statements as well. When an interviewer believes that they know what really happened during an event, it can be likely that the interviewer will attempt to get the child to confirm this event, ignoring anything that the child says that does not conform with this bias, while encouraging anything that does . Stereotype induction can also occur with childrens eyewitness accounts due to the fact that an interview can depict the accused perpetrator as a bad man. It has been shown that children can come to assume and report negative things about someone that they had previously heard described in negative terms. Encouraging a child to visualize or imagine has also been proven to be detrimental to the providing of accurate information about an event. Authority figures and peer pressure are also factors that can mislead a childs memory strategies as well. When all of these circumstances are taken into account, it is easy to see how influenced children can be when it comes to relaying information. But this should not be a final factor when deciding childrens influence in the courtroom. As stated before, anyone can be suggested, misled, and pressured, including adults, and studies have shown this. This data shows a need for the standardization of interviewing techniques when deciding eyewitne ss accounts. It is well known that children encode, store, retrieve, and retain memories differently than adults. But it is up to a qualified interview to release these memories in a positive way. The knowledge base that children use to understand their surroundings and situations can be investigated through proper interviewing and strategies that children are familiar with, such as drawing or play therapy. In many cases of falsified accounts that children have stated, it is often the case that the interviewer used misleading techniques, and unstandardized means of approaching this information. Studies have shown that when children are asked questions in neutral ways, with open ended questions, and unbiased interpreters, their statements were not only more detailed, but also remarkably accurate. Children who were left to answer in any fashion, with no time frame, answered questions in a precise and errorless manner. So the question remains, Can we rely on children? Under unbiased, h ighly trained, standardized ways of interviewing..the answer is yes. Clinicians who have had the training necessary to evaluate and judge are completely capable of interviewing these children because children are indeed competent and qualified to testify on the witness stand. Open ended questioning, yes-no questioning, selective questioning (man or woman) and identification questioning (what time was it?) are key ways of interviewing to provide for accurate recollection. And when a child is asked these questions in a neutral way, you can believe that they are telling the truth. .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 , .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 .postImageUrl , .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 , .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4:hover , .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4:visited , .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4:active { border:0!important; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4:active , .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4 .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubd5f36c438866ad4c93d2df8eec5bed4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Harriet tubman was a runaway slave from maryland w EssayPsychology Essays

Teenage Violence In Schools Essay Example For Students

Teenage Violence In Schools Essay Page #1Teenage violence in schools has become a tremendous concern to many people. School violence over the past number of years has been increasing and family life, the things that occur in schools and the neighborhoods that the teenagers (that commit the crimes or violent acts) live in are some of the major factors. These are not necessarily the only causes to teenage violence. Family Lifestyle and the behavior of members within the family have been shown to have a direct affect on a teenagers behavior in school. A child can be influenced very easily by any older person, especially a family member, because he always looks up to that family member. If a person in the family is involved in a criminal activity then the children can be turned on by this and become interested in doing the same thing. If the guardian or parent of a teenager does not punish him for doing something wrong, this can only lead to repetition of the bad behavior. Failure to stop a child from doing something wrong could lead the child to believe that his behavior is acceptable. Also, a child thinks that the people that are supposed to love him dont even care that he is doing something bad so he will continue to do it. Teenagers also commit acts of violence to get their parents attention. If parents ignore what their teenagers are doing, then the teenagers will continue to do more negativ e things just to get their parents to notice them. Another reason why family lifestyle is a cause to teen violence is, if the teenager is abandoned at a young age than there is no one to teach him wrong and right (Kim 82). Page #2There are many different situations that can occur in school that can cause teenagers to do violent things. When a student has an argument with other students or a teacher that student may only know how to deal his anger by striking out. Often, teenagers do not know how to talk things out and instead, react violently. If a teenager doesnt like what someone (a faculty member or another student) has said to him, he might also let out his anger in violent ways. Sometimes, even if the other person has not done anything wrong to him, but rather to another person he can still get angry (school violence). The neighborhood that a teenager lives in can also cause him to be violent. If a teen lives in a bad neighborhood, where violent acts are going on all the time (besides for when he is in his house) and he will most probably be influenced by it (Kim 81). As a teenager sees more and more negative behavior happening daily in his surroundings, these behaviors will become acceptable and result in the teenager committing these same negative behaviors. Some of these negative behaviors include theft (lunch money, jewelry), vandalism, demands, threats, bullying, murder and rape (Kim 79). The following situations are examples of common behavior by teenagers; two boys did an act of vandalism in their school in New Jersey. The two boys vandalized their busses. The damage amount was $60,000, and the school had to close down for two days because there was no transportation. Another act of vandalism happened in OregonPage #3when a boy was upset about his semester grades. He brought explosives into the school office and destroyed his records and the records of all the other students. It cost $43,000 in repair for all the damages (Landau 81). Some teenagers dont get caught at what their doing out of their own intimidation behavior towards other teens. After they bully some kid or even hurt him, the victim may feel so intimidated and he will be scared to tell on him (Landau 80). The teenagers that do get caught sometimes end up doing whatever it is they were caught doing or doing something even worse. This happens because either, they get very little discipline or they are just so angry that they were caught they do the same thing again (or something even worse) out of anger (Landau 79). .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c , .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c .postImageUrl , .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c , .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c:hover , .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c:visited , .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c:active { border:0!important; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c:active , .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc3daa659a13f4ebc56781bd4ed2b525c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Abortion Pros And Cons EssayThe results of violence in schools can vary from requiring every student to have a picture ID, to installing an alarm system in every class. Some schools have locker checks without advising the students, undercover police come in, or even metal detectors installed at every entrance in the whole building. Proof that the metal detector works was demonstrated in California where 15 students were expelled for having guns in school. Before the installation of the metal detectors they hardly ever caught anyone with guns. Generally, schools need to bring in more security than ever needed before. Twice in Long Beach, California teens from outside the sc hool threw bottles and rocks at the schoolyard. Twice, students were fired on and a bullet hurt a boy playing basketball. As a result of these incidents the school built a 10-foot wall to protect students (Landau 80). Page #4Teenagers who are, once were or never were victims are constantly fear. The kids who are victims dont want to ever go school again because they are so scared. Every day they hope that they will get through the day without anything bad happening to them (Landau 79). Bob is a very good example of a boy who has once been a victim. Bobs school was in a neighborhood where no one suspected any abuse was happening. Although no one suspected it, it did happen. Three boys always cornered him and took turns hitting him. He got headaches and dizziness from this happening to him. As a result, he switched schools. Bob felt as if he was going into a boxing ring everyday. He had terrible nightmares, his grades dropped and he was always preparing for someone to hurt him. Bobs mom told the school what was being done to Bob and they didnt do anything. She sued the three boys, their parents and the school administration (Landau 77). A sixteen-year-old once said, You get used to it, and learn no t to leave anything around. I never wear my good watch on gym days (Landau 80). In Los Angeles, California undercover police had to enter the school system, in order for school to go on. 300 police have been in schools, 150 work undercover and the rest work in uniforms and drive police cars. All of them are armed and are ordered to bring any suspects to the local precinct (Landau 81). Teens who have never been victims are also very scared. Page #5They are scared that one day become victims. Their ability to learn is also affected greatly. Schools have changed dramatically from the 1940s to the 1990s. In the 1940s teenagers were in trouble for chewing gum, getting out of line, makingnoise and not throwing out garbage. In the 1900s teenagers get in trouble for drugs, abuse, rape, robbery and bombings (Landau 79). The Parent Teacher Association said, Over $600 million of vandalism is done in schools across America. This is more money than is spent on textbooks. Only the students loose from their own vandalism the tax dollars that they use on repairs could have towards their school, such as computers (Landau 81).Reducing or stopping teenage violence can be very difficult. But there are many ways to do it. One way is to stop the violence before by having in-school programs to teach students what is wrong and what is right (to the ones that really dont know). The schools can have classes to teach the parents good parenting skills, such as getting more involved with their childs schoolwork, programs and activities. Another idea is to have after school programs, just so the teenagers will not be out on the streets where they may be influenced to commit crimes or engage in violent activities. Rehabilitation programs are also a very good idea. Helping students become better kids (not doing violent t hings) does not only have to be done in school it can also be done outside of school, in synagogues, churches or programs in the local park. Family life, the things that occur in school and the neighborhoods that the teenagers live in are some of the Page #6major causes of teen violence in school. If the families, the schools (faculty) and the neighborhoods help these violent teenagers then in the future there wont be this problem anymore (or it will at least be reduced).

Sample Essay on the History of Slavery and Its Impact on Contemporary Society

Sample Essay on the History of Slavery and Its Impact on Contemporary SocietyA sample essay entitled 'History of Slavery and Its Impact on Contemporary Society' is a great way to present some background information about the African American community and the history of slavery. It will also help you develop a few ideas for supporting some of your points during the written essay portion of your college admissions test.This paper, though short, will address the impact of slavery on the black family, free black people, and the role of slavery in modern day society. It will help you demonstrate that you have an understanding of the African American experience, especially in the Civil War era. It will also support your view that you are likely to be successful in your studies and career.Be sure to prepare this essay for the college admissions test. You will want to use a pen and paper to complete this essay, as well as a vocabulary guide. You can find vocabulary guides for use in writing essays online. Also, see if you can find an expert on the topic and review the material you have.The history of slavery is important to understand because of how it has affected society today. The book, 'The Clans of America,' by Leonard Hawkes, provides an excellent example of the way slavery affected various societies around the world. This book provides a good overview of how slavery affected America.Slavery has changed the culture and structure of a person's individual life. This historical perspective is extremely valuable in today's society. Some of the ways that slavery influenced society include:The history of slavery and its impact on contemporary society can be very overwhelming. The subject requires a lot of research and focus. Students who are struggling with the idea of how slavery shaped the world in which they live will need to approach this topic in a more organized way.Developing this type of paper will require significant research. It will also require the ability to read and understand a number of sources. Students who struggle with reading will have difficulties with this form of essay.If you are looking for a quick way to present your background information and knowledge, a short time frame is all that is needed. However, if you are looking for a way to better understand the perspectives of the American public, the work of Dr. Hawkes will be of benefit. He shows the impact of slavery on all aspects of American society and offers some examples of how this event shaped the American experience.

Both The Roman And The Athenian Civilization Enjoyed Recreation And Ch

Both the Roman and the Athenian civilization enjoyed recreation and cherished it dearly. Recreation was and is one of the most important things in a person's life. If a person has a total lack of recreation there are chances of melancholy that can later on lead to death. Having recreation in our lives gives us a sense of happiness thatwe all need. The Romans were alike with the Greeks in a few ways. The Romans watched chariot races to entertain them just like the Greeks did, what was so fascinating About the Romans is that they had the biggest arena in the Mediterranean called the Circus Maximus. The arena held about two hundred fifty thousand people, that was five times as much as the collosseum. The Athenians didn't like the barbaric fighting as much as the Romans did; the Athenians were more aristocratic. The Romans loved watching gladiator's fight in the collosseum, which seated fifty thousand spectators. The colloseum was used for fights, two people which were either slaves condemned criminals or Christians fought until someone's life was taken away. The collosseum was also used for condemned criminals, or Christians to fight wild animals, or starving beasts. This is one of the biggest difference's that the Greeks had from the Romans. Another difference between the Greek and the roman empire was, the fact that the Romans had festivals that represented something for the king or ruler at that time, but in Greece it was mostly sport festivals and festivals that honored the gods. Something that the Romans didn't have but the Greeks did and could brag about was the Olympic games. The Olympic games took session every four years and had five events (the pentathlon), wrestling, running, chariot races, jumping, and the javelin. Today more than twenty events take place that is one way that the ancient Greek life affected ours today. The Romans and Greek Empire had similarities and differences in their way of recreation. Mostly the differences overruled the similarities and this is perfectly normal because they were and are two different cultures. Recreation though played a very important role in both cultures and in any other culture in the world.

Legal age of the American Drinker.

Legal age of the American Drinker. Many of the countries around the world have set the legal drinking ages considerably lower then that of America. After careful examination of the effects that alcohol has on American, as apposed to the people that come from countries with a lower drinking age. I have noticed a lot more maturity and respect for the effects that alcohol has on people in the countries with lower drinking ages. In this, I have concluded that the lack of maturity that American express when they are first introduced to alcohol is due to having such a high legal drinking age.Turning 18 is a major event for all teenagers in America because they are now considered legal adults. Being a legal adult, makes it legally all right buy tobacco products, vote in an election, be tried as an adult, join the military, and even buy pornography. Even though an eighteen year old is considered a legal adult with all of these privileges, 18 to 20 years olds are denied the right to purchase and drink alcohol.Exceptions to Min imum Age of 21 for Consumption of...It has not always been this way. In 1984, the Uniform Drinking Age Act was passed. This law did not force all states to switch to the drinking age of 21, but threatened to decrease federal funding to each responsible enough to receive all the privileges that any other adult would receive, including the consumption of alcohol. Now, because of some misleading facts, people think that 18-20 year olds are too irresponsible to drink alcohol, yet this way of thinking is what is causing all the problems that young people have when first introduced to alcohol. This logic does not make sense. There always will be irresponsible people that will abuse alcohol, but no matter what age is set for the minimum drinking...

Globalization of crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Globalization of crime - Essay Example This has seen globalized crime networks grow to a proportion where they now account for about 15 percent of the Global GDP (Glenny 2009). Glenny (2009), further points out that since the fall of the Berlin wall and the end of the communism, organized crime has quickly spread from the Eastern European countries and has become more diversified as it went global and eventually reached macro-economic proportions. The globalization of crime has resulted in the development of an intricate system of trade in a number of illicit rood where goods sourced from a market in a given continent are easily trafficked through another continent before they are eventually marketed in a third continent. The seriousness of the threat that is being posed by the globalization of crime has seen the UN Security council being forced to critically consider its overall implications in countries such as the Republic of Congo, Afghanistan and Somalia where it is severely threatening the stability of these countries. A recent report by the UN Security Council, points out that globalized crime has used a number of different avenues so as to achieve its relatively unprecedented success. Some of these criminal problems include human trafficking, counterfeit goods trafficking, cybercrime, maritime piracy, environmental resource trafficking, drugs trafficking as well as firearms trafficking. Human Trafficking: Trafficking in persons is now considered to be a truly global phenomenon with recent data reported by the UNODC indicating that the human traffickers now manage this trade in such a manner that it has now grown to now include victims drawn from about 127 countries spread out across 137 different countries. Two thirds of these victims are usually women with an estimated 79 percent of them being subjected to sexual exploitation. Most of the sexual

Solar energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Solar energy - Essay Example Organizations and industry likewise utilize these technologies to broaden their energy sources, enhance productivity, and recovery cash. Sun based photovoltaic and concentrating sun powered force technologies are likewise being utilized by engineers and utilities to process power on a monstrous scale to power urban communities and residential areas. Sun powered force is generated by gathering daylight and changing over it into power. This is carried out by utilizing sun powered boards, which are vast even boards made up of numerous singular sunlight based cells. It is frequently utilized as a part of remote areas, in spite of the fact that it is getting to be more famous in urban territories too. This page holds articles that investigate propels in sunlight based energy engineering. Numerous individuals are acquainted with supposed photovoltaic cells, or sun powered boards, found on things like space apparatus, housetops, and handheld adding machines. The cells are made of semiconductor materials like those found in PC chips. The point when daylight hits the units, it thumps electrons detached from their molecules. As the electrons course through the unit, they produce power. On a much bigger scale, sunlight based warm power plants utilize different strategies to think the suns energy as a high temperature source. The high temperature is then used to bubble water to drive a steam turbine that produces power in much the same form as coal and atomic force plants, supplying power for many individuals. Sun powered energy is praised as a limitless fuel source that is contamination and regularly commotion free. The engineering is likewise flexible. For instance, sun based units produce energy for far-out spots like satellites in Earth circle and lodges profound in the Rocky Mountains as effectively as they can control downtown edifices and cutting edge autos. However sun powered energy doesnt work

Fundamentals of Phonetics Essay Example for Free

Fundamentals of Phonetics Essay Question 34Â  ptsEvery vowel in English has a unique articulatory position based on: (choose as many as apply) Every vowel in English has a unique articulatory position based on: (choose as many as apply) | tongue tenseness| x| tongue height| x| tongue advancement| x| lip rounding| Question 44Â  ptsOne can determine if a vowel is tense or lax by: One can determine if a vowel is tense or lax by: | tongue tension| x| stress| x| duration| x| muscular effort| Question 51Â  ptsThe lax vowels are lower in height than their tense counterparts. The lax vowels are lower in height than their tense counterparts. xx| True| False| Question 61Â  ptsRhotic diphthongs can also be called: nbsp;(choose as many as apply) Rhotic diphthongs can also be called: Â  (choose as many as apply) x| r-colored vowels| | onglides and offglides| x| rhotacized vowels| | lateralized vowels| Question 74Â  ptsWhich of the following list of words contains no front vowels? nbsp;(Choose as many as apply) Which of the following list of words contains no front vowels? (Choose as many as apply) | seat, sit, sat| x| soup, soap, supper| | set, sought, suit| | sought, sot, suit| Question 84Â  ptsWhich of the following sets of vowels have no back vowels? nbsp;(Choose as many as apply) Which of the following sets of vowels have no back vowels? (Choose as many as apply) X| steed, stayed, stud| | stood, stowed, stewed| | skin, scan, scone| | stirred, stove, steer| Question 94Â  ptsThe difference between e and e is: nbsp;(Choose as many as apply) The difference between e and e? is: Â  (Choose as many as apply) x| e occurs in unstressed syllables| x| e? occurs at ends of words| | e? is slightly shorter in duration| | e occurs at the ends of words| Question 104Â  ptsMatch the symbol to its name. Match the symbol to its name. ash ? epsilon ? schwa upsilon ? Question 111Â  ptsThe open o (or backwards c) or [] is: nbsp;(Choose as many as apply) The open o (or backwards c) or [? ] is: Â  (Choose as many as apply) | lax| x| slightly lower than [o]| x| is al ways used in the transcription of or as [? r]| | is used in the word coat| Question 121Â  ptsWe commonly use the wedge instead of the schwa when: nbsp;(Choose as many as apply) We commonly use the wedge instead of the schwa when: Â  (Choose as many as apply) x| the syllable is stressed| | at the end of a word| x| the tongue is slightly lower and more backed| | the syllable is unstressed| Question 134Â  ptsIn which of the following words would we find lip rounding? nbsp;(Choose as many as apply) In which of the following words would we find lip rounding? (Choose as many as apply) x| put| x| toad| x| door| xx| herd| Question 141Â  ptsWhich diphthongs occur only in diphthong form? Which diphthongs occur only in diphthong form? | a? , e? , o? | | e? , o? , ? | x| a? , , | | ? , a? , u? | Question 151Â  ptsWhich diphthong begins in the low mid back position and ends in the high front position? Which diphthong begins in the low mid back position and ends in the high front position? | a? | | o? | o? | x| | Question 164Â  ptsWhich vowels are affected by syllable stress? nbsp;(Choose as many as apply) Which vowels are affected by syllable stress? (Choose as many as apply) x| e| | ? | x| o| x| ? | Question 174Â  ptsWhich vowels are lax? nbsp;(Choose as many as apply) Which vowels are lax? (Choose as many as apply) x| ? | x| ? | X| ? | | e| Question 184Â  pts Which vowels are back? nbsp;(Choose as many as apply) Which vowels are back? (Choose as many as apply) X| u| | ? | X| o| X| ? | Question 194Â  ptsWhich vowels are mid? nbsp;(Choose as many as apply) Which vowels are mid? (Choose as many as apply) | a| | ? | X| ? | | ? | Question 204Â  ptsMatch the following words to the correct transcription Match the following words to the correct transcription choose ?uz chose ?oz chows ?a? z cheese ?iz Question 217Â  ptsMatch the following words to the correct transcription. Match the following words to the correct transcription. course k? rs cures kj? rz cars karz curse k? rs cores k? rz cuss k? s case ke? s Question 227Â  ptsMatch the following words to their correct transcriptions. Match the following words to their correct transcriptions. thee ?i thou ?a? though ?o the they ?e? thigh ?a? thaw Quiz saved at 12:50pm

Dams :: essays research papers

Many people have already dammed a small stream using sticks and mud by the time they become adults. Humans have used dams since early civilization, because four-thousand years ago they became aware that floods and droughts affected their well-being and so they began to build dams to protect themselves from these effects.1 The basic principles of dams still apply today as they did before; a dam must prevent water from being passed. Since then, people have been continuing to build and perfect these structures, not knowing the full intensity of their side effects. The hindering effects of dams on humans and their environment heavily outweigh the beneficial ones. The paragraphs below will prove that the construction and presence of dams always has and will continue to leave devastating effects on the environment around them. Firstly, to understand the thesis people must know what dams are. A dam is a barrier built across a water course to hold back or control water flow. Dams are classified as either storage, diversion or detention. As you could probably notice from it's name, storage dams are created to collect or hold water for periods of time when there is a surplus supply. The water is then used when there is a lack of supply. For example many small dams impound water in the spring, for use in the summer dry months. Storage dams also supply a water supply, or an improved habitat for fish and wildlife; they may store water for hydroelectricity as well.2 A diversion dam is a generation of a commonly constructed dam which is built to provide sufficient water pressure for pushing water into ditches, canals or other systems. These dams, which are normally shorter than storage dams are used for irrigation developments and for diversion the of water from a stream to a reservoir. Diversion dams are mainly built to lessen the effects of floods and to trap sediment.3 Overflow dams are designed to carry water which flow over thier crests, because of this they must be made of materials which do not erode. Non- overflow dams are built not to be overtopped, and they may include earth or rock in their body. Often, two types of these dams are combined to form a composite structure consisting of for example an overflow concrete gravity dam, the water that overflows into dikes of earthfill construction.4 A dam's primary function is to trap water for irrigation. Dams help to decrease the severity of droughts, increase agricultural production, and create new lands for agricultural use. Farmland, however, has it's price; river bottomlands flooded, defacing the fertility of the soil. This agricultural land may also result in a loss of natural artifacts. Recently in Tasmania where has been pressure

Organizational Development Essay

John F. Kennedy was quoted as saying â€Å"Change is the law of life, and those who look only to the past or present are certain to miss the future.† The world is in a constant state of motion. No one should expect things to always stay the same. Organizations require technologies and human resources in order to operate. A business needs to operate by learning from the past and planning for the future. Since, the economic collapse of 2008, the idea that any company is ‘too big to fail’ has been thrown out the proverbial ‘business window’. Business is now practiced in a global market and technologies have made the world a smaller place. â€Å"Managers and their organizations must anticipate the future and become proactive players.† (Brown, D.R., 2011, part 1.) Consider companies like Blockbuster Video. The demise of Blockbuster proves that leadership did not look to the future. This company considered itself to be the standard. Where is Blockbuster now? Instead of being an industry leader, it is trying to regain its footing in a marketplace it once dominated. Why? Blockbuster failed to take its competitors seriously. It did not consider technology surpassing the company’s own perception of practicing business. â€Å"In 2002 (Blockbuster) had 8,000 stores and a market value of $3 billion. Today, movie-by-mail Netflix is worth nearly three times that much. And Blockbuster is broke.† (Gandell, S., 2010, paragraph 19.) Successful companies are looking to the future as they learn from the past and present. Organizations that are successful will operate without ego, effectively communicate throughout the organization, and constantly reinvent themselves. Organizations need to be in constant development in order to move forward with any success. In this paper, I intend to define the importance of organizational development as it relates to my own company’s recent sale to a new group of owners. I intend to define organizational development as it relates to organizational trust, a strong practitioner-client relationship, the imperative nature of the diagnostic phase, effective communication between ownership and employees, and the importance of strategy as it relates to a successful transfer of ownership and culture to an organization. Organizations need to know when organizational development is necessary. I am a Managing Partner in the restaurant business. I currently have about 50 employees that I am responsible for. Recently, the restaurant I am running was sold to a South African group of owners. The owners actually bought two restaurants from the local restaurant group I was working for. After studying the Charlotte market and other markets throughout this great country of ours, the South African owners decided that Charlotte, NC would give them the best opportunity to grow a restaurant chain. The owners currently have over 150 restaurants in South Africa and this is their first venture into the United States. Once the sale became final, the owners began to evaluate all the current systems and business practices of the restaurants. The new owners began to re-develop the organization by defining its existing and future organizational identity. The owners sat down with staff and management to get an understanding of what the restaurants meant to each staff member. â€Å"The identity will provide an advantage if it is well aligned with the organizational strategy and well suited to the market niche, because identities tend to be socially complex and path dependent, and therefore difficult to imitate.† (Salgado, S.R., 2003, page 65.) The owners became the practitioners of change by purchasing the restaurants. After the sale became final, it was time to develop a sense of trust from the existing staff and management. One way of gaining that trust is to value the opinions of the current members of the organization. The new owners showed that they valued staff opinion of organizational identity. This process helped to develop the fundamental need to build a positive practitioner-client relationship. The new owners need an employee landscape that is friendly, not hostile. There is no way the new organization can move forward with a negative culture. Once trust was established, the new owners were able to begin to identify issues, problems, and opportunities each restaurant was having. The five fundamental stages of organizational development are: â€Å"anticipate the need for change, develop the practitioner-client relationship, the diagnostic phase, action plans, strategies, and techniques, and self-renewal, monitor, and stabilize.† (Brown, D.R., 2011, page 18). Ownership has followed the principles of organizational change and development in a very smart way. The new owners worked on building a strong practitioner-client relationship while gathering information about the businesses. They remained very approachable and worked hard to assist with the agreed upon change lists. Ownership made everyone feel as though they were not there to change what was not broken. Employees were made to feel proud about the restaurants they worked in. By developing such a good and trusting relationship, change has come easier. Once trust was established, new ownership quickly moved to the third fundamental of organizational development, the diagnostic phase. â€Å"Organizational diagnostic models and surveys have often been demonstrated by practitioners to be very effective in supporting organizational development   programs.† (Goldstein, L. and Burke, W. (1991), Vol. 19, page 5.) Diagnostic models are designed to help organizational development practitioners to â€Å"categorize data about the organization, enhance understanding about organizational problems, interpret data systematically, (and) provide appropriate change strategies.† (Lok, P., Crawford, J., 2000, page 108.) The practitioners have been reviewing every facet of the restaurant’s business practices. Ownership is constantly evaluating the effectiveness of each system. Technologies, equipment, and managerial functions are all reviewed and measured to the new standards and goals set forth by the owners. The ownership designed a â€Å"team approach to setting and reviewing targets, real participation by subordinates in setting goals, with an emphasis on mutually agreed upon goals, mutual trust between subordinate and manager, and a real concern for personal career goals as well as for organizational goals.† (Brown, D.R., 2011, page 327.) Ownership felt that the technologies were not tied in together very well. Ownership felt that the current gathering of data was cumbersome and inaccurate. The practitioners felt that the clients needed to stream-line the ways in which data was collected. By reviewing every program and system of accounting, the new owners were able to determine that updating would be necessary in order to move the two concepts forward. Looking to future growth was not going to happen for the organization until both concepts were able to produce accurate information about the actual business. Ownership also determined that it wanted its managers out in the restaurant more. There was simply too much to do in the office while running the restaurants. The practitioners asked current upper management to clearly define the responsibilities of each manager and chef position. At this point, the culture of the new organization had begun to take shape. Clearly defined roles and a change in managerial philosophies have started to grow. I have witnessed what I believe is a very successful transformation of culture. Responsibilities are clearly communicated. Accountability has improved. By creating clearly defined roles, the effectiveness of each manager is much easier to measure. At times, however, communication has been inconsistent. The massive restructuring of all current systems has taken a toll on some people in the organization. Missed deadlines and unforeseen problems have occurred. The way in which the new ownership has responded to the unforeseen issues has been impressive. I feel that new ownership has shown an unwavering amount of dedication to the new organizational vision it has set in place. Considering the amount of change, the owners have been very clear and approachable throughout the transformation. I respect and support their efforts in remaining approachable and supportive. They exude an understanding of what each existing member or employee is going through.   Ownership has been very aware of the ego state of the organization. â€Å"Every interaction between people involves a transaction between their ego states. When one person converses with a second person, the first person is in a distinct ego state and can direct the message to an y of the three ego states in the second individual.† (Brown, D.R., 2011, page 230.) Ownership has made every effort to have open and complementary transactions with groups and individuals throughout the organization. At the same time, they have also shown that the organization will move forward with or without its current members. Holding people accountable has been extremely important. â€Å"In today’s changing environment, organizations that encourage individual ability and hold employees accountable for achieving goals are more likely to succeed.† (Brown, D.R., 2011, page 381.) The practitioners have been able to accentuate individual strengths and weaknesses within its existing employee body. This approach has brought on a spirit of contribution to the cause of the new vision presented to the ‘old guards’ of the organization. This is a very clever approach to affecting change. Also, the new leaders of the organization have discovered some hidden talents within its current team-members. Finding an existing and in-place pool of needed skills has helped the new leaders keep an aggressive time-line for the development of change. New owners did not have to look completely outside the organization for skills that will enable change. Instead, new owners were able to motivate change by looking for solutions internally. Looking for hidden talents helped to reaffirm the positive culture of opportunity and renewed perceptions of the employee skillset. An internal approach to solving or rectifying identified issues has also kept the cost of change down. Existing members already have a sense of where the shared vision of the company is going. Existing staff has a greater stake in the organization’s success. Because of shareholder accountability, ownership is smart to look internally for as many talents as possible. Ownership believed by stream-lining technologies and accounting systems, it could improve the quality of the guest experience and profitability of its organization. Ownership started this process by surveying all existing management to try and determine what each manager actually knew about the existing programs and technologies. A methodical and measured approach to re-designing office systems will enable the organization to become more consistent in gathering data and measuring the performance of both restaurants. Their  vision of the future of the organization has been effectively shared with everyone involved . The deadlines for improvements have been followed-up effectively. A weekly meeting between ownership and upper management takes place. In these meetings, organizational effectiveness is measured by how well goals and objectives are accomplished. At first, goals were very broad and basic. Managers were asked to evaluate their knowledge of existing point of sale programs, invoicing programs, and budgetary knowledge. Once ownership felt it had acquired enough knowledge about existing systems, the project or ‘goal’ chart was updated and tasks became more narrow and specialized in focus. Managers were held accountable to their goals based on their strengths or expertise. For example, one manager is very adept with computers. This has become his area of focus for the remainder of the re-development of the organization. â€Å"The collection of data is an important activity providing the organization and the practitioner with a better understanding of client system problems: the diagnosis.† (Brown, D.R., 2011, page 19.) Ownership has been very diligent about data accuracy. Every number and system has been reviewed for accuracy and consistency. In order for the company to move forward, ownership has to determine what is and what is not vital to the new organizational vision. Ownership has already picked two new sites for additional restaurants. It is important that both restaurants operate in the same way as the business grows. This is why organizational effectiveness has to be optimized and not hap-hazard. â€Å"Organizational practitioners need to assess the influence of variables in diagnostic models on organizational outcomes, and effectiveness has often been used as the primary outcome measurement. (Handy, 1985, p. 85; Burke and Litwin, 1992). The new owners have done an excellent job moving the new organization through a surprising change of ownership. I have enjoyed watching how these new owners have handled the organizational development of the restaurant. Organizational change and development is certainly not easy. Leadership from the owners to the managers has to stay on course with the changes. Total commitment and a positive attitude are necessary. Negativity spreads like wildfire when redeveloping an organization. The owners have worked hard to cope and shape their environments, through the way they organize and operate their organization. The history of organizational development has to be an interesting one. As I watch these new owners re-tool both establishments, I wonder if they are taking the same course in organizational development that I am. The owners have to pass forward their beliefs or values as to what the restaurants should be. Things that worked before might be tossed. New things are   introduced. The style of service and the menu, the technology, are all things the owners have to push forward to current and new employees. All the while, business is ongoing. The doors are open. Customers are hearing of the sale and are passionate about the changes. Some changes are subtle. Some changes are extreme. How does the ownership remain familiar to what the concept once was? The entire process is exhausting. The public’s resistance to change is fierce at times. One very popular item on the menu was discontinued when the new menu was rolled out. Granted, the menu had not changed in four years. Servers and cooks were tired of doing the same thing every day. The item that was discontinued was actually a very bland and tasteless item. Servers and cooks hated selling it. There was excitement and concern when the new ownership wanted to get rid of it. We all knew we were in for it when the new menu came out. Sure enough, customers have missed not having this item on the menu. Customers have been very vocal about this one item. Ownership feels that quality ingredients, perfect preparation, and impeccable service will build sales. There is a determination that the new regime can move past this one dish and convince the fickle public that there are a lot of other good reasons to dine at our restaurants. We are doing more than trying to keep our existing clientele. We are building a new clientele. Whatever perceptions the public had of us before does not matter. It is interesting to hear the complaints about some of our changes. All the while, most of the same staff works at the restaurant. The only real changes the public see are dress codes and menu changes. Otherwise, most change is behind the scenes. Because of the intense scrutiny mistakes in service or execution of the shift has to be perfect. We cannot afford to be less than perfect right now. Complacency has no place in the restaurant business. To be successful, we should always be looking ahead and learning from our past mistakes. We should always challenge ourselves to be better than we were yesterday. We are always training and learning. Managers should be acting as coaches and mentors to the staff. Management at all levels should not only ‘talk the talk’, they should ‘walk the walk’. However, the complaints are not always fair. The new menu is terrific. Quality and service are actually better than ever. The new owners spent a lot of money to help update and fix equipment that was vital to running the restaurant. Ownership has brought in more management and has improved the morale of the restaurant, not to mention the quality of life for all salaried people like myself. There has been a certain camaraderie resulting from moving toward common goals with other people. There is now a belief that we are a better place today because of our efforts. The best interventions from a   values point of view are those that help clients prepare their place in the future, whether its creation or adaptation. I am sure as we move forward that we will come in to our own again. The once faithful group of regulars will either go their own way or forgive us. Organizational development is a change strategy. â€Å"OD principles and techniques are experiencing a renaissance, thanks to the growth of the field of change management.† (Worren, N.A.M., Ruddle, K., & Moore, K.,1999, paragraph 3.) Organizational development requires a change in behaviors. These behaviors, good or bad, become the organizational culture. The organizational beliefs and values start at the top of the food chain, the owners. What is important to the owner should be important to the worker in that organization. It is imperative that the owner or any organization find a way to keep his people motivated and passionate about his organization’s products. Therefore, the leadership of any organization has to ‘connect’ to develop change and organizational success. Leadership has to be viewed as the change master. An organization that wants to remain vital, must be able to deal with change. A restaurant is an excellent example of a business in a constant state of change. For some restaurants the menu can stay the same. Maybe that is what people like about the place. However, what goes on outside the restaurant can cause a need for change inside the restaurant. Roads are closed, the economy is shrinking, parking is now too difficult to bother, these are all worrisome real-life issues that any organization or restaurant might have to deal with. The restaurant cannot afford to maintain the status quo, change is simply that critical. Kurt Lewin developed the concept of force-field analysis. This philosophy is â€Å"deceptively simple and can be used to help plan and manage organizational change.† (Cumming, T.G., & Huse, E.R. 1989, page 3.) Lewin believed that an organizational behavior was affected by the balance of two opposing forces. When these opposing forces are at odds, change happens. According to Lewin, there are driving forces and restraining forces. Driving forces affect and assist in the desired change. Restraining forces do quite the opposite. Restraining forces represent obstacles to the change. â€Å"If the weights of the driving and restraining forces are relatively equal, then the organization will remain static.†(Cumming, T.G., & Huse, E.R. 1989, page 3.) Ownership has to remain aware of the balance of power these two forces represent for the organization. Change has to appear to always be for the good of the whole organization. People are wary of change and must be made to feel a part of its success in order to help embrace the new mindset. Lewin’s force-field analysis works as a method of environmental scanning and as a way for creating an empowering environment to the culture of the organization. The new owners have done an excellent job moving the organization forward. The efforts made to gather data and technical knowledge have been diligent. The new owners have moved forward by doing their homework. After reviewing all the necessary information, ownership has been able to assimilate all the necessary funds, materials, staff and time. As the organizational development process has moved forward, it has become obvious that the owners plan on giving their newly acquired business the tools it needs to accomplish the shared vision. This, of course, has led to the owners’ final phase of organizational development, the support of their people. At first, ownership had to tread lightly. In the beginning, it was as if the new owners wrapped their arms around us all and said â€Å"everything will be alright, just stick with us.† As the new team moved forward, some upper management was asked to leave. Time has been a good indicator of the ownerships’ dedication to the new vision and culture of the organization. Their efforts have been unwavering and very consistent. In this paper, I have detailed the importance of organizational development as it relates to my own company’s recent sale to a new group of owners. The process of organizational development has been fascinating to watch. Although the constant evaluation of all systems and actions throughout the organization has been exhausting, I believe ownership has succeeded in redeveloping a once tired and inefficient culture. Employees and managers have felt a greater sense of purpose towards the new organization. New ownership has successfully relayed a positive sense of urgency and purpose towards its existing staff and team members. The revamping of the organizational culture has brought forth a better quality employee and better quality experience for the organization’s customers. The organizational development techniques applied by the new ownership has helped to improve the profitability of both restaurants. New ownership had once touted that two additional restaurants would be opening within twelve months. Because of the success in developing organizational change, new ownership has now determined a new restaurant can be opened in only six months instead of twelve. This fast organizational growth is to be celebrated because it is a direct result of the diligent efforts of ownership and all staff involved after the transfer of ownership became official. Trust, a positive practitioner-client relationship, a successful diagnostic evaluation and change, effective communication between ownership and employees, and the importance of strategy has allowed this organization to become stronger and advance its number of concepts. In short, growth happens if organizational development is applied effectively. References: Brown, D.R., (2011). An Experiential Approach to Organizational Development (8th ed). Upper Saddle River Pearson Prentice Hall. 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